Enhanced ductility of cold-sprayed titanium through interfacial oxygen homogenization

Produktinformationen

Heng Su, 15575804985@163.com; Professor Xiaotao Luo, xiaotaoluo@mail.xjtu.edu.cn; Professor Changjiu Li, licj@mail.xjtu.edu.cn; 

https://doi.org/10.53192/ITSC2026598

Cold spray additive manufacturing (CSAM) has garnered growing interest from both scientific and industrial communities. However, the inherently low ductility of cold-sprayed metallic deposits remains a major challenge for industrial applications. Moreover, unlike most metals (e.g., Al and Cu), cold-sprayed titanium (Ti) exhibits limited ductility enhancement even after conventional heat treatment (CHT). The underlying mechanism for such poor ductility remains still unidentified. This study investigates oxygen (O) homogenization at inter-particle boundaries as a key determinant of the ductility of CSAM Ti. Following high-temperature decomposition, O from the oxide scale at the inter-particle boundaries diffuses into and dissolves in the Ti lattice, significantly impairing ductility. After CHT at 1100 ℃ for 6 h, the elongation merely increases from 0.35% to 1.2%. The inferior ductility suggests inadequate diffusion and interfacial O enrichment is a key limiting factor. Given this, spark plasma sintering (SPS) is employed as a post-treatment to promote interfacial O diffusion due to the multi-field coupling (electrical-thermal-mechanical) effects. Through optimizing the distribution of O via SPS at 1100 ℃, the elongation substantially improves to 23.5%, originating from uniform O distribution in the particle. The present work proves that the high-ductility cold-sprayed Ti can be achieved through interfacial oxygen homogenization.

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Erscheinungsdatum

März 2026

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